Translation of Participles in Context 

PREDICATE >>

CIRCUMSTANTIAL (Adverbial)

"under the circumstances of NOUN PTCP" or "NOUN, under the circumstances of PTCP, ..."

• Time: while, as, when, after

• Cause: because, since

• Condition: if

• Concession: although, even though

• Purpose: in order to, so as to

• Result: so that, thereby, so as to

• Means/Manner: by, in, by means of

• Attendant/Coordinating: PTCP and MAIN VERB
   

• Genitive Absolute: In the special instance where a Predicate Circumstantial Participle and the noun or pronoun with which it agrees are both in the genitive case, the genitive case serves only to separate (make "absolute") the clause with the participle as subordinate. The Genitive case thus functions analogous to a "," (comma) in English.
  Ὀψίας δὲ γενομένης,... ἔφερον ... >> When evening came, they brought...

Still not quite making sense?

• Is a form of ἐιμί the main verb?

  • Then proceed to: PERIPHRASTIC (SUPPLEMENTARY)

• Is the main verb one of perception? (hearing, seeing, thinking, ...)

  • Then proceed to: PERIPHRASTIC (SUPPLEMENTARY)
• Is there no definite article with the participle and the noun? > Read this page.